Jamaican to english - JAMAICAN ENGLISH, short form JamE. The English language as used in Jamaica. The term is used primarily to refer to the formal speech of educated Jamaicans, but has also been used to refer to JAMAICAN CREOLE in authoritative scholarly works, such as the Dictionary of Jamaican English (1967, 1980). It is the preferred variety of STANDARD …

 
Learn about Jamaica's history of diversity and resilience, marked with important historical figures and the nation's independence in 1962. ... The island remained under Spanish rule until an English attack on May 10, 1655 forced the Spanish to flee to Cuba after freeing their slaves, who later came to be known as the Maroons. Relics of Spanish .... Clove lake car service

Jamaicanize was started over a decade ago (2011) with a simple goal: to make it easy to translate English to Jamaican Patwah. Jamaicanize is an automated translation software that translates English text to Jamaican Patwah. Why a Jamaican Translator? We want the world to fully experience the beauty of the Jamaican culture by learning Jamaican ...Jamaica Inn: Part 1: Meet Mary Yellan. Episode 150508 / 08 May 2015. When Mary's mother dies, she goes to live with her aunt and uncle who run the Jamaica Inn. It lies in a remote and bleak corner ...Dat ooman, Angel, Shaggy fix him up wit is mampi, mampi!" 4. If a Jamaican invited you to a "nine night", where would you be going? Answer: A wake. "Nine night" is a wake (celebration) held on the ninth day after a person's passing. You can hear a story about this in the 1965 song, "Hard Man Fi Dead" by Prince Buster. 5.The character of the Jamaican accent has been shaped through the years, through history, from the influences of British English and American English, with the blends of Jamaican patois. British English and American English helped form the origin of Jamaican English, which is the official language of Jamaica. Are you visiting Jamaica soon or have Jamaican friends? Do you know how to Speak Jamaican Patois? These 80 Jamaican patois sentences cover most of what you will need to get by on your visit to Jamaica or in conversations with your Jamaican friends. “A fe mi cyar.” Translation: “It’s my car.” “Mi ah guh lef tiday.” In the Jamaican Creole English - English dictionary you will find phrases with translations, examples, pronunciation and pictures. Translation is fast and saves you time.Jamaican Patwah Translator is a free app that contains patois words, definitions, translations and examples. - Works offline. - Fast access and immediate translation. - Translate English to... Jamaican English, including Jamaican Standard English, is a variety of English native to Jamaica and is the official language of the country. [1] A distinction exists between Jamaican English and Jamaican Patois (a creole language ), though not entirely a sharp distinction so much as a gradual continuum between two extremes. [2] Glosbe dictionaries are unique. In Glosbe you can check not only English or Jamaican Creole English translations. We also offer usage examples showing dozens of translated …How many of these Jamaican Patois phrases do you know?Featuring: Vivhttps://www.instagram.com/vivaciouslyviv/Joycehttps://www.instagram.com/atribecalledjoyce...1 day ago · From. GBP – British Pound. To. JMD – Jamaican Dollar. 1.00 British Pound =. 193.67 487 Jamaican Dollars. 1 JMD = 0.00516329 GBP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. The character of the Jamaican accent has been shaped through the years, through history, from the influences of British English and American English, with the blends of Jamaican patois. British English and American English helped form the origin of Jamaican English, which is the official language of Jamaica.6 days ago · English - Jamaican Patois Translator. Learn and understand Jamaican Patois. Jamaican Patwah is a free online dictionary that contains patois words, definitions, translations, alternative spellings and examples. Articles. Top Jamaican Patois Phrases Translated to English: The Ultimate Translation Guide. By Admin November 25, 2023. Table of Contents. Jamaican Patois … kihn. ) noun. 1. (nationality) a. el jamaicano, la jamaicana. When my friend Warren speaks Jamaican Patois with other Jamaicans, I'm totally lost!Cuando mi amigo Warren habla criollo jamaicano con otros jamaicanos, ¡quedo perdido! b. el jamaiquino, la jamaiquina. With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating phrase such as how are you or hello and in due time you will be able to create your own jamaica pharses. By using this tool for sometime you will be able to speak like a jamaican. Currently the best english to jamaican patois translator ... We have a more holistic approach in teaching you to Speak and Write Jamaican. Our language online courses comprise of video lessons, modules, learning materials, quizzes and even project work that ensure easy and efficiently learning the Jamaican language. Learn all about local language of Jamaica, from funny quips to idioms about love with ... Jamaican Patwah Translator is a free app that contains patois words, definitions, translations and examples. - Works offline. - Fast access and immediate translation. - Translate English to... Jamaicanize is a free Jamaican Patois translator to translate English to Jamaican Patwah. Learn Jamaican patois words and phrases with a simple Jamaican language translator Languages of any type can be translated to Jamaican Creole at your fingers tips in real-time, using the official writing language of Jamaican Creole, the Cassidy-JLU Writing System. Phrases JamrAAk has made it possible for you to access over 50 Jamaican phrases and their corresponding meaning in both English and literal speaking, which have ... Jamaicanize is a free Jamaican Patois translator to translate English to Jamaican Patwah. Learn Jamaican patois words and phrases with a simple Jamaican language translator How to pronounce Jamaica. How to say Jamaica. Listen to the audio pronunciation in the Cambridge English Dictionary. Learn more.Learn how to speak Jamaican patios/patwa by learning basic "Introductions" in patois/ patwa in our video series "Speak Jamaican Patois". Visit our Jamaican ...Jamaican activists, as well as prominent professors, politicians and other leaders, have rejected a visit by the duke and duchess of Cambridge, calling on the United Kingdom to apologise and pay ...The Jamaican language is largely a derivative of Spanish, English and African influences on the country through its colonial history. Although the official language of Jamaica is English, many Jamaicans speak Patois in casual everyday conversation. Here are 15 Jamaican Patois phrases to know and use on your next visit to Jamaica.Here are 7 Jamaican traditions that have stood the test of time. 1. Nine night/ Set up. The long held tradition of ‘Dead yard’ or ‘Set up’ is used to celebrate the life of a loved one who has passed away while offering support to the family during the grieving period. The custom, which originated from the African culture was used to ...In the Jamaican Creole English - English dictionary you will find phrases with translations, examples, pronunciation and pictures. Translation is fast and saves you time.The official language of Jamaica is English. This would be unremarkable were it not for a 2001 report, cited by the Linguistics Department of the University of West Indies (JLU n.d. online) which states: ‘many Jamaicans lack competence in English’. English exam results from 2007 reflect this: a failure rate of seventy-one percent among …The Invasion of Jamaica took place in May 1655, during the 1654 to 1660 Anglo-Spanish War, when an English expeditionary force captured Spanish Jamaica.It was part of an ambitious plan by Oliver Cromwell to acquire new colonies in the Americas, known as the Western Design.. Although major settlements like Santiago de la Vega, now Spanish …Here are 7 Jamaican traditions that have stood the test of time. 1. Nine night/ Set up. The long held tradition of ‘Dead yard’ or ‘Set up’ is used to celebrate the life of a loved one who has passed away while offering support to the family during the grieving period. The custom, which originated from the African culture was used to ...The thesis presents an in-depth analysis of language variation in Jamaican radio newscasts and talk shows. It explores the interaction of global and local varieties of English with regard to ...The thesis presents an in-depth analysis of language variation in Jamaican radio newscasts and talk shows. It explores the interaction of global and local varieties of English with regard to ... Currently the best english to jamaican patois translator, translate english to jamaican patois/patwa, learn jamaican patois the easy way. Because it's based on English. Africans kidnapped and taken to be slaves in plantations owned by British all across the Caribbean etc. Developed their own patois language. Because it is English - not just "based on". It's the accent that …With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating phrase such as how are you or hello and in due time you will be able to create your own jamaica pharses. By using this tool for sometime you will be able to speak like a jamaican. Currently the best english to jamaican patois translator ...Dictionary of Jamaican English. Frederic G. Cassidy, Robert Brock Le Page. University of the West Indies Press, 2002 - Foreign Language Study - 509 pages. Originally published by Cambridge University Press in 1967 and then revised as a second edition in 1980, this classic study has never before been available in a paperback edition. We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah. Languages of any type can be translated to Jamaican Creole at your fingers tips in real-time, using the official writing language of Jamaican Creole, the Cassidy-JLU Writing System. Phrases JamrAAk has made it possible for you to access over 50 Jamaican phrases and their corresponding meaning in both English and literal …It can be used in most situations. Hi/hey – Yow. Yow is a super informal Jamaican greeting that you’ll hear all the time in Jamaica. It can also be used to get someone’s attention. This phrase is often extended to ‘ yow mi boss ’ or ‘yow mi general ’. These are mostly used by young people, mainly young men.Jamaica, island country of the West Indies. It is the third largest island in the Caribbean Sea, after Cuba and Hispaniola. Jamaica is about 146 miles (235 km) long and varies from 22 to 51 miles (35 to 82 km) wide. ... and English place-names are remnants of its colonial history. The great majority of its people are of African ancestry, the ...Currently the best english to jamaican patois translator, translate english to jamaican patois/patwa, learn jamaican patois the easy way. We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah. Patois/Patwa is the native spoken creole language in Jamaica. This is an english based creole langauge or some may even call it a slang. Why use a Jamaican translator? With this patois translator/patwa translator you will be able to learn Jamaican phrases by translating english phrases such as "how are you" or "hello" and in due time you will ...It can be used in most situations. Hi/hey – Yow. Yow is a super informal Jamaican greeting that you’ll hear all the time in Jamaica. It can also be used to get someone’s attention. This phrase is often extended to ‘ yow mi boss ’ or ‘yow mi general ’. These are mostly used by young people, mainly young men. Professional Jamaican Creole Translation Services. World Translation Center delivers professional Jamaican Creole translation services for English to Jamaican Creole and Jamaican Creole to English. We can also translate Jamaican Creole to and from over 150 other languages, including all the principal languages of Europe, Asia, South America ... Jamaican is in frequency band 5, which contains words occurring between 1 and 10 times per million words in modern written English. More about OED's frequency bands Frequency data is computed programmatically, and should be regarded as an estimate. Jamaican English, including Jamaican Standard English, is a variety of English native to Jamaica and is the official language of the country. [1] A distinction exists between Jamaican English and Jamaican Patois (a creole language ), though not entirely a sharp distinction so much as a gradual continuum between two extremes. [2] Jamaican is an English-based creole language spoken in Jamaica. It represents a history of contact among many different types of speakers drawn from many ethnic, linguistic, and social background. Except the first known inhabitants, all people were exiles or the children of exiles. Conjugate a Jamaican Creole English VerbJamaican Patois, also known as Patwa and Jamaican Creole, is the most widely spoken language in the country. Compared to a reported 50,000 Jamaicans who speak English, there are 2.7 million who speak Jamaican Patois, a type of English creole that arose during the slave trade. A blend of African languages, English, Arawakan (the … Languages of any type can be translated to Jamaican Creole at your fingers tips in real-time, using the official writing language of Jamaican Creole, the Cassidy-JLU Writing System. Phrases JamrAAk has made it possible for you to access over 50 Jamaican phrases and their corresponding meaning in both English and literal speaking, which have ... Call us on +91-8828165468 | Certified Translations India (a unit of INCCS) is the largest provider of Jamaican to English certified translations. We are ISO 9001:2015 Certified for quality translation and certification. We are also recognized as the primary provider of translation services from Jamaican to English for immigration, visa and …Various documents from the Institute of Jamaica and the Jamaican National Library. Photo by Deposit Photos. #Jamaican Language. #Language. #Patois. #Patwa. #Patwah. #Speak JA. #speak Jamaican. You may also like. Speak JA. 15 Jamaican Patois Slangs You Should Add to your Vocabulary. Speak JA. 10 ways to apologize like a Jamaican.The History of Jamaica. The Spanish were the first to bring sugarcane and slavery to the island. They ruled the land for a century and a half until they were defeated by the English in 1655. Slavery and sugar cultivation became Jamaica’s main trade, making the English planters incredibly wealthy. Buccaneers soon operated out of Jamaica ...Neighbors. Bahamas visa free countries. Cuba visa free countries. Panama visa free countries. Jamaican passport holders have visa-free access to 60 countries, can get e-visa for 50 countries, and need a visa for 116 countries (Updated April 2024).Jamaica is an island nation in the Caribbean that attracts sunseekers for its laid-back beach culture, and music fans on the trail of Jamaica's most famous son, reggae legend Bob Marley. Tourists flock to the island's northern coast, including the communities of Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, and Port Antonio, and in Negril on the island's western tip.Definition One of the most popular swear words in Jamaica. Bumbo means bottom, claat is the Jamaican pronunciation of cloth. "Bumboclaat" literally refers to either menstrual pads or toilet paper. it is mostly used as an exclamation of shock, surprise, anger, frustration or for any other intense emotions. Bumboclaat is actually a very vulgar ...Jamaica, a gem in the Caribbean, has a rich linguistic tapestry woven with English, African, and other influences, creating a unique dialect known as Jamaican Patois. And just like the island’s famous jerk chicken spices up any meal, these phrases add flavor to conversations, embodying the spirit of Jamaica itself.The word bumbaclot is a form of the Jamaican English bumboclaat, a term for a sanitary napkin or bathroom wipes recorded since 1956.Bombo (or bumba) likely comes from West African words like the Fante bumbo, referring to the vulva but likely similar to the English bum, or “butt.” Clot (or claat) is cloth, in keeping with Jamaican English, …1 day ago · JMD to GBP currency chart. XE’s free live currency conversion chart for Jamaican Dollar to British Pound allows you to pair exchange rate history for up to 10 years. Jamaican Patois ( / ˈpætwɑː /; locally rendered Patwah and called Jamaican Creole by linguists) is an English-based creole language with West African, Taíno, Irish, Spanish, Hindustani, Portuguese, Chinese, and German influences, spoken primarily in Jamaica and among the Jamaican diaspora. Words or slang from Jamaican Patois can be heard ... Jamaica (/ d ʒ ə ˈ m eɪ k ə / ⓘ ... When the English captured Jamaica, most Spanish colonists fled, with the exception of Spanish Jews, who chose to remain. Spanish slave …1 day ago · JMD to GBP currency chart. XE’s free live currency conversion chart for Jamaican Dollar to British Pound allows you to pair exchange rate history for up to 10 years. Jamaican Patois is a distinct language that has its own grammar that differs from standard English. Its grammatical structure is simpler, with fewer verb tenses and no articles or plural forms. In Patois, there is only one verb form for the present tense, regardless of the number of subjects. This means that the verb "run" would be the same …00:00. Mek mi tell unuh bout mi likkel bwoy; im luv kaan. Let me tell you about my little boy; he loves corn. //mek mi tel ʹʊnuː bɑʊt mi ʹlɪkəl bwaɪ/ɪm lʊv kaːn//. The pronoun unuh is second person plural. As you know, in Standard English we do not have a seperate form for the second person singular and plural, we just have you.Beginner Patwah. If you want to start learning Jamaican Patois from the bottom up, you’ve come to the right place! With our Jamaican Patois course you will learn to speak Jamaican Patois conversationally, while making the most of your time. Beginner Patwah is a self-study course divided into loosely themed units consisting of grammar ...Ya mon. “Ya mon” is the standard affirmative response to basically anything in Jamaica! Literally meaning “yeah, man”, saying this is like saying “sure” or “no problem”. An enthusiastic “ya mon!” means “of course!”. Despite the “mon” (man) part of it, it can be directed to anyone of any gender or age.Set during the final days of slavery in 19th century Jamaica, following the trials, tribulations and survival of July and her odious mistress Caroline on a sugar plantation. Stars: Tamara Lawrance, Hayley Atwell, Ayesha Antoine, Doña Croll. …World Translation Center offers professional translation services for English to Jamaican Creole. We can also translate Jamaican Creole to and from over 150 other languages, including all the principal languages of Europe, Asia, South America, the Middle East and a variety of African languages, at competitive rates.English has been present in Jamaica since 1655 when it was captured from the Spanish. The majority of the population nowadays is of African descent due to the slave trade. The second largest part of the population is multiracial. Although English is the official language of Jamaica, the majority of the population speak Jamaican Patois. Jamaican Translator, allows you currently to translate from standard English to Jamaican Patois. Learn more about our language by doing quizzes about interesting topics. Translate and send your translations with your favorite Instant Messaging app to friends, families or even Jamaican natives. Learn more about patois by doing quizzes. We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah. kihn. ) noun. 1. (nationality) a. el jamaicano, la jamaicana. When my friend Warren speaks Jamaican Patois with other Jamaicans, I'm totally lost!Cuando mi amigo Warren habla criollo jamaicano con otros jamaicanos, ¡quedo perdido! b. el jamaiquino, la jamaiquina. We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah.Different variations. Bumboclaat is sometimes combine with other Jamaican expletives such as bloodclaat or p**syclaat. For example, bumbo-bloodclaat or bumbo-p**syclaat. The combination of different …1 day ago · JMD to GBP currency chart. XE’s free live currency conversion chart for Jamaican Dollar to British Pound allows you to pair exchange rate history for up to 10 years. Patwa, also known as Jamaican Patois, is the most spoken language in Jamaica. In fact, there are around 50,000 Jamaicans who speak English, but over 2.7 million who speak Jamaican Patois. Essentially the term “bomboclaat” also spelled “bumbaclaat” is the same as saying the F-bomb. However, the term can also mean the … How to convert Jamaican dollars to British pounds sterling. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select JMD in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and GBP in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3 That’s it The word bumbaclot is a form of the Jamaican English bumboclaat, a term for a sanitary napkin or bathroom wipes recorded since 1956.Bombo (or bumba) likely comes from West African words like the Fante bumbo, referring to the vulva but likely similar to the English bum, or “butt.” Clot (or claat) is cloth, in keeping with Jamaican English, …Patois is a language born out of necessity and has stood the test of time to be one of the most sought after dialect in the world. One of the things that had propelled the language across the globe is the music, the culture, poetry, but of course this is not always easy to understand because the language is a fusion of English, African languages and a little …Spanish Translation of “JAMAICAN” | The official Collins English-Spanish Dictionary online. Over 100,000 Spanish translations of English words and phrases.Popular: English to Chinese, English to French and Chinese to English. Translate texts & full document files instantly. Accurate translations for individuals and Teams. Millions …Dat ooman, Angel, Shaggy fix him up wit is mampi, mampi!" 4. If a Jamaican invited you to a "nine night", where would you be going? Answer: A wake. "Nine night" is a wake (celebration) held on the ninth day after a person's passing. You can hear a story about this in the 1965 song, "Hard Man Fi Dead" by Prince Buster. 5.Welcome to our Egyptian Hieroglyphics Translator, a bridge between the ancient and modern worlds! Easily convert English text to hieroglyphs, or decipher hieroglyphs back into English. Simply type into the relevant field and watch the translation appear instantly. Use the “Switch” button to toggle between translation modes.Set during the final days of slavery in 19th century Jamaica, following the trials, tribulations and survival of July and her odious mistress Caroline on a sugar plantation. Stars: Tamara Lawrance, Hayley Atwell, Ayesha Antoine, Doña Croll. …Jamaican Patois is a distinct language that has its own grammar that differs from standard English. Its grammatical structure is simpler, with fewer verb tenses and no articles or plural forms. In Patois, there is only one verb form for the present tense, regardless of the number of subjects. This means that the verb "run" would be the same …Learn how to translate from Jamaican to English with this online tool. Understand the meaning and usage of Jamaican patois words and phrases.Vowels and Consonants of Jamaican English. Notice the /w/ sound in bwai/boy; gwal/girl; gwan/go and the /j/ sound in words like cyan/can. There is also considerable simplification of groups of consonants like fren/friend; juss/just; The grammar of this variety is simplified in phrases like he love = he loves (example 1); dollah/dollars (example ...

Jamaicanize is a free Jamaican Patois translator to translate English to Jamaican Patwah. Learn Jamaican patois words and phrases with a simple Jamaican language translator. Chrysler museum of art

jamaican to english

We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah.Jamaica (/ d ʒ ə ˈ m eɪ k ə / ⓘ ... When the English captured Jamaica, most Spanish colonists fled, with the exception of Spanish Jews, who chose to remain. Spanish slave …Country: Jamaica Capital: Kingston Official language: English National Day: Independence Day - August 6 Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy Motto: "Out of Many, One People" Total Population: Approximately 2.5 million Currency: Jamaican Dollar (US$1 equivalent to approximately J$154) Area Code: 876 Weather: Tropical Jamaica is the …We offer a variety of resources: Free online translation from English into Jamaican Patois and back, English-Jamaican Patois dictionary with transcription, pronunciation, and examples of usage. Jamaican Patwah.Oct 6, 2022 · Jamaican Patwah Translator is a free app that contains patois words, definitions, translations and examples. - Works offline. - Fast access and immediate translation. - Translate English to Jamaican Patois. - Translate Jamaican Patois to English. - Audio Pronunciations by native speaker. Entry requirements differ for travellers depending on your country of citizenship and/or residency. U.S. Citizens traveling to and from Jamaica must present a valid passport when leaving and or re-entering the United States. Residents must present their Alien Resident Card (Green Card) together with passport of country for which they hold ...The History of Jamaica. The Spanish were the first to bring sugarcane and slavery to the island. They ruled the land for a century and a half until they were defeated by the English in 1655. Slavery and sugar cultivation became Jamaica’s main trade, making the English planters incredibly wealthy. Buccaneers soon operated out of Jamaica ...Patois is a language born out of necessity and has stood the test of time to be one of the most sought after dialect in the world. One of the things that had propelled the language across the globe is the music, the culture, poetry, but of course this is not always easy to understand because the language is a fusion of English, African languages and a little …Jamaica’s official language is English, but we also speak Jamaican or Patois (or Patwa) - a colorful, descriptive and emphatic creole dialect that has been shaped by our African, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and English colonial heritage. A beautiful symbol of our resilience, patois is the crafting of the expressions of a people, forced into ...360,000,000. Native to: Jamaica, Panama, Costa Rica, Colombia (San Andrés y Providencia). 3,200,000. In the English - Jamaican Creole English dictionary you will find phrases with translations, examples, pronunciation and pictures. Translation is fast and saves you time.2 meanings: 1. of or relating to Jamaica or its inhabitants 2. a native or inhabitant of Jamaica.... Click for more definitions. English is the formal method of communication in Jamaica, and communicating from patois to english is innate to many locals. How long have you been speaking Jamaica Patois. My natural tongue is Jamaican Patois as it is the first form of communication taught at home. 1 day ago · From. GBP – British Pound. To. JMD – Jamaican Dollar. 1.00 British Pound =. 193.67 487 Jamaican Dollars. 1 JMD = 0.00516329 GBP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. The present study was conducted with Jamaican preschoolers who were simultaneous bilingual speakers of Jamaican Creole (JC) and English (languages with shared linguistic foundations; Craig, 1971 ...Tech giants Google, Microsoft and Facebook are all applying the lessons of machine learning to translation, but a small company called DeepL has outdone them all and raised the bar for the field. Its translation tool is just as quick as the outsized competition, but more accurate and nuanced than any we’ve tried. TechCrunch.The Jamaican language is largely a derivative of Spanish, English and African influences on the country through its colonial history. Although the official language of Jamaica is English, many Jamaicans speak Patois in casual everyday conversation. Here are 15 Jamaican Patois phrases to know and use on your next visit to Jamaica.English is the formal method of communication in Jamaica, and communicating from patois to english is innate to many locals. How long have you been speaking Jamaica Patois. My natural tongue is Jamaican Patois as it is the first form of communication taught at home.Jamaica (/ d ʒ ə ˈ m eɪ k ə / ⓘ ... When the English captured Jamaica, most Spanish colonists fled, with the exception of Spanish Jews, who chose to remain. Spanish slave ….

Popular Topics